纽约时报20260104:特朗普将美国拖入在委内瑞拉的一个全新高风险时代

一、逐段中英对照翻译

标题

Trump Plunges the U.S. Into a New Era of Risk in Venezuela

特朗普将美国拖入在委内瑞拉的一个全新高风险时代

President Trump opened a new chapter in American nation building as he declared that the United States had toppled Venezuela’s leader and would “run” the country for an indefinite period.

特朗普总统宣布美国已经推翻了委内瑞拉领导人,并将在不确定期限内“管理”该国,由此开启了美国“国家建构”的新篇章。

President Trump’s declaration on Saturday that the United States planned to “run” Venezuela for an unspecified period, issuing orders to its government and exploiting its vast oil reserves, plunged the United States into a risky new era in which it will seek economic and political dominance over a nation of roughly 30 million people.

特朗普周六宣布,美国计划在不确定时期内“管理”委内瑞拉,对其政府下达命令并开发其巨大的石油资源。这一表态使美国进入了一个高风险的新阶段,美国将在一个约三千万人口的国家中寻求经济和政治上的主导地位。

Speaking at his Mar-a-Lago private club just hours after Nicolás Maduro, the leader of Venezuela, and his wife were seized from their bedroom by U.S. forces, Mr. Trump told reporters that Delcy Rodríguez, who served as Mr. Maduro’s vice president, would hold power in Venezuela as long as she “does what we want.”

在委内瑞拉领导人尼古拉斯·马杜罗及其妻子被美军从卧室带走的数小时后,特朗普在其位于海湖庄园的私人俱乐部对记者表示,只要“照我们的话去做”,曾担任马杜罗副总统的德尔西·罗德里格斯就将掌权。

Ms. Rodríguez, however, showed little public interest in doing the Americans’ bidding. In a national address, she accused Washington of invading her country under false pretenses and asserted that Mr. Maduro was still Venezuela’s head of state.

然而,罗德里格斯在公开场合并未表现出服从美国意愿的态度。她在全国讲话中指责华盛顿以虚假借口入侵委内瑞拉,并坚称马杜罗仍然是国家元首。

“What is being done to Venezuela is a barbarity,” she said.

她说:“对委内瑞拉所做的一切是野蛮行径。”

Mr. Trump and his top national security advisers carefully avoided describing their plans for Venezuela as an occupation … Instead, they vaguely sketched out an arrangement similar to a guardianship…

特朗普及其最高国家安全顾问刻意避免将对委内瑞拉的计划描述为“占领”。相反,他们模糊地勾勒出一种类似“监护”的安排:美国将为委内瑞拉的治理提供蓝图,并要求过渡政府在威胁进一步军事干预的情况下执行这些安排。

Even after Ms. Rodríguez contradicted Mr. Trump, Marco Rubio… said he was withholding judgment.

即便在罗德里格斯公开反驳特朗普之后,国务卿兼国家安全顾问马可·鲁比奥仍表示暂不作出判断。

“We’re going to make decisions based on their actions and their deeds in the days and weeks to come,” he said…

他说:“我们将根据他们在未来几天和几周内的行为来作出决定。”

Mr. Trump suggested… there would be a “second wave” of military action if the United States ran into resistance…

特朗普暗示,如果美国在地面或面对委内瑞拉官员的阻力,可能会发动“第二波”军事行动。

“We’re not afraid of boots on the ground,” Mr. Trump said.

特朗普说:“我们不害怕派遣地面部队。”

Mr. Trump paired that with a declaration that a key American goal was to regain access to oil rights…

特朗普同时宣布,美国的一个核心目标是重新获得他所称“被偷走”的石油权益。

Mr. Trump’s actions on Saturday cast America back to a past era of gunboat diplomacy…

特朗普周六的举动让美国仿佛回到了“炮舰外交”的年代——通过军事力量攫取领土和资源。

The U.S. operation… has little precedent in recent decades…

美国试图控制一个庞大的拉美国家,在近几十年几乎没有先例,更让人想起19世纪和20世纪初在墨西哥、尼加拉瓜等地的帝国主义军事行动。

But that indictment only deals with Mr. Maduro’s alleged crimes. It did not provide a legal basis for taking control of the country…

然而,该起诉书只涉及马杜罗个人的涉嫌犯罪,并未为美国接管整个国家提供法律依据。

Now, he made clear, he was taking it back…

如今,特朗普明确表示,他要把这些资源“拿回来”,并称在委内瑞拉人“变富”之前,美国人将首先得到补偿。

But that left many open questions.

但这也留下了大量悬而未决的问题。

All of these questions… could enmesh the United States into exactly the kind of “forever wars”…

所有这些问题都有可能将美国拖入特朗普支持者所警惕的那种“无休止战争”。

For much of the 20th century, the United States intervened militarily in smaller countries…

在20世纪的大部分时间里,美国曾多次军事干预加勒比和中美洲的小国,但委内瑞拉面积是伊拉克的两倍,其复杂性不容低估。

“Any democratic transition will require the buy-in of pro-regime and anti-regime elements,” …

一位研究委内瑞拉问题的学者指出,任何民主过渡都需要亲政府与反政府力量的共同认可。

二、重点词汇表(非表格)

plunge into:使陷入(通常指危险或困难境地) nation building:国家建构(战后或干预后的政治重建) topple:推翻(政权、领导人) run a country:治理、管理一个国家 indefinite period:不确定期限 exploit (resources):开发、攫取资源(含负面意味) do someone’s bidding:听命于某人 false pretenses:虚假借口 occupation:军事占领 guardianship:监护、托管(政治语境中多为委婉说法) boots on the ground:地面部队 gunboat diplomacy:炮舰外交 extraterritorial rendition:域外引渡/绑架式引渡 forever wars:无休止战争

三、10 组语法点对照讲解

as he declared that… as 表示“当……之时 / 同时”,引导时间与因果并存的状语从句。 would “run” the country would 在报道中过去将来时,表示“当时宣称将会”。 for an unspecified period for + 时间段 表持续时间,unspecified 为过去分词作定语。 just hours after… were seized after 引导时间从句,被动语态 were seized。 as long as she “does what we want” as long as 表条件,“只要”。 showed little interest in doing… interest in + 动名词 固定搭配。 carefully avoided describing… as… avoid + doing;describe A as B 常见搭配。 under the threat of further military intervention under + 抽象名词 表状态或条件。 has little precedent little 是否定意味,强调“几乎没有”。 If it splinters, … things could get violent 条件句中 could 表示可能性而非能力。

四、新闻总结

这篇报道指出,特朗普公开宣称美国将“接管”委内瑞拉,并直接点名由美方官员主导国家治理,这标志着美国外交与军事政策进入一个极具争议的新阶段。文章强调,这种做法既缺乏明确法律依据,也在政治、军事与经济层面带来巨大不确定性,尤其是在石油资源控制和长期军事介入方面。

五、影响分析(延伸理解)

对美国自身 可能陷入长期军事与政治泥潭,与其反对“永久战争”的国内政治叙事相矛盾。 对拉美地区 强烈刺激地区反美情绪,可能引发地区国家联合抵制或安全局势恶化。 对国际秩序 弱化“主权不可侵犯”的国际规范,为大国以资源或安全为名进行干预提供危险先例。 对能源与经济 短期内或影响全球石油市场,但长期看需要巨额投入和安全保障,成本极高。