一、中英对照
标题
Trump’s ‘Superstar’ Appellate Judges Have Voted 133 to 12 in His Favor
特朗普的“超级明星”上诉法院法官以133比12的投票结果支持他
President Trump promised to fill the appeals courts with “my judges.” They have formed a nearly united phalanx to defend his agenda from legal challenges.
特朗普总统曾承诺要用“我的法官”填满上诉法院。如今，他们几乎形成了一支高度统一的方阵，在法律挑战中为他的施政议程保驾护航。
正文
President Trump has found a powerful but obscure bulwark in the appeals court judges he appointed during his first term.
特朗普总统发现了一道强大却不为公众熟知的防线：他在第一任期内任命的上诉法院法官。
They have voted overwhelmingly in his favor when his administration’s actions have been challenged in court in his current term, a New York Times analysis of their 2025 records shows.
《纽约时报》对他们2025年判决记录的分析显示，当特朗普政府的行为在法院遭到挑战时，这些法官几乎一边倒地投票支持他。
Time and again, appellate judges chosen by Mr. Trump in his first term reversed rulings made by district court judges in his second, clearing the way for his policies and gradually eroding a perception early last year that the legal system was thwarting his efforts to amass presidential power.
一次又一次，特朗普第一任期任命的上诉法院法官推翻了他第二任期内地方法院法官的裁决，为其政策扫清道路，也逐渐削弱了去年初“司法系统正在阻挠其总统权力扩张”的看法。
When Mr. Trump criticized a ruling from a so-called “Obama judge” in 2018, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. responded that “we do not have Obama judges or Trump judges, Bush judges or Clinton judges.”
2018年，特朗普批评一名所谓“奥巴马法官”的裁决时，首席大法官约翰·G·罗伯茨回应说：“我们没有奥巴马法官或特朗普法官，也没有布什法官或克林顿法官。”
But the data suggests that in the 13 appellate courts, there is increasingly such a thing as a Trump judge.
但数据显示，在13个联邦上诉法院中，“特朗普法官”这一现象正变得越来越明显。
The president’s appointees voted to allow his policies to take effect 133 times and voted against them only 12 times.
总统任命的法官133次投票允许其政策生效，仅有12次投反对票。
Ninety-two percent of their total votes were in favor of the administration.
他们92%的投票都支持政府立场。
That figure far outstrips support for Mr. Trump’s agenda from appeals court judges appointed by other Republican presidents, and from Mr. Trump’s appointees to the district courts.
这一比例远高于其他共和党总统任命的上诉法院法官，也高于特朗普任命的地方法院法官对其议程的支持度。
The Times analyzed every judicial ruling on Mr. Trump’s second-term agenda, from Jan. 20 to Dec. 31 of last year, or more than 500 orders issued across 900 cases.
《纽约时报》分析了去年1月20日至12月31日期间，涉及特朗普第二任期议程的所有司法裁决，涵盖900起案件、500多项裁定。
About half of rulings at the appellate level were in Mr. Trump’s favor — better than his performance with the district courts, though worse than his record at the Supreme Court.
在上诉法院层级，约一半裁决对特朗普有利——好于地方法院，但不及他在Supreme Court的战绩。
Experts who have studied the voting patterns of federal judges have found that, even before Mr. Trump, their rulings had some degree of alignment with the partisan positions of the president who appointed them.
研究联邦法官投票模式的专家发现，即使在特朗普之前，法官裁决也在一定程度上与任命他们的总统的党派立场相一致。
But the impact of Mr. Trump’s appeals judges on his own agenda has been hard to overstate.
但特朗普上诉法院法官对其个人议程的影响之大，几乎难以夸大。
The uniformity of the judges’ votes is “reason for serious concern,” said Mark L. Wolf, a former federal judge nominated by President Ronald Reagan.
前联邦法官、由里根总统提名的马克·L·沃尔夫表示，这种高度一致的投票模式“令人严重担忧”。
“If you’re an impartial judge, the same party is not going to win every time,” he said.
他说：“如果你是一个公正的法官，同一个阵营不可能每次都赢。”
Mr. Trump’s appellate appointees allowed him to deploy the National Guard in cities over the objections of state and local leaders.
特朗普任命的上诉法院法官允许他在不顾州和地方领导人反对的情况下，在城市中部署国民警卫队。
They delayed inquiries, approved withholding federal funds, and backed expansive executive actions.
他们拖延调查、批准扣留联邦资金，并支持大规模的行政权力扩张。
There are a number of possible explanations for Mr. Trump’s strong showing before appellate judges he chose.
特朗普在其任命的上诉法院法官面前表现强势，背后可能有多种原因。
Changes to the judicial confirmation process have made it easier for more ideologically extreme judges to win Senate approval.
司法确认程序的变化，使得意识形态更为激进的法官更容易获得参议院批准。
Mr. Trump has nominated judges who are aligned with his maximalist view of presidential power.
特朗普提名的法官与他对总统权力“最大化”的看法高度一致。
Mr. Trump has also taken an unusually active role in trying to shape judicial behavior.
特朗普还异常积极地试图影响司法行为。
He has publicly attacked judges who ruled against him and praised those who ruled in his favor.
他公开攻击裁决不利于他的法官，同时称赞支持他的法官。
“You could have court of appeals judges auditioning in case a Supreme Court seat opens up,” said Morgan Hazelton.
政治学者摩根·黑泽尔顿表示：“你甚至可能看到上诉法院法官在‘试镜’，以防最高法院出现空缺。”
In all, Mr. Trump selected 54 appellate judges in his first term, the most of any president in a four-year term since Jimmy Carter.
总体而言，特朗普在第一任期内任命了54名上诉法院法官，是自吉米·卡特以来四年任期内最多的一位总统。
The impact of Mr. Trump’s nominees will continue to unfold over decades.
特朗普所任命法官的影响将在未来几十年持续显现。
“They’re very effective. And they are going to be there for a long time.”
“他们非常高效，而且会在那里待很久。”
二、重点词汇（非表格）
appellate court：上诉法院 bulwark：堡垒；防线 overwhelmingly：压倒性地 reverse a ruling：推翻裁决 erode：逐渐削弱 judicial confirmation：司法任命确认程序 maximalist view：最大化立场 executive actions：行政行为 injunction：禁令 unitary executive theory：单一行政权理论
三、重点语法（10组）
have found + 名词 Trump has found a powerful but obscure bulwark… 现在完成时，强调“到目前为止的发现”。 when 引导时间状语从句 when his administration’s actions have been challenged… 表示“在……情况下”。 Time and again 固定短语，表示“一再、屡次”。 far outstrip 程度副词 + 动词，强调“远远超过”。 have been hard to overstate 被动结构，表示“难以夸大”。 If + 一般现在时，主句一般将来/情态 条件句表达普遍规律。 allow sb. to do sth. allowed him to deploy the National Guard There are a number of… 表示“存在若干个……” according to 引出信息来源。 will continue to unfold 将来时 + unfold，表示“影响将逐步显现”。
四、总结和影响分析
总结
这篇报道通过大量数据分析揭示：特朗普在第一任期任命的上诉法院法官，在其第二任期中高度一致地支持其政策，形成了一个极具影响力却不太显眼的权力支点。
影响分析
从制度层面看，这强化了上诉法院在美国权力结构中的关键地位。 从政治层面看，司法任命正日益成为总统长期塑造政策方向的重要工具。 从法治角度看，司法裁决高度“阵营化”，可能削弱公众对司法中立性的信任。