一、中英对照
标题：
Iran Braces for More Protests. Here’s What to Know.
伊朗准备迎接更多抗议。以下是你需要了解的情况。
正文：
Demonstrations that began as outrage at the state of the economy have spread to cities across the country, amid an escalating crackdown by the authorities.
最初因对经济状况不满而爆发的示威活动，在当局不断加码镇压的背景下，已经蔓延到全国各地的城市。
Iranian cities were braced for more nights of antigovernment protests over the weekend despite an escalating crackdown from the authorities, who have vowed to quell the unrest.
尽管当局誓言平息动乱并不断加强镇压，伊朗多座城市仍在为周末可能出现的更多反政府抗议之夜做准备。
The demonstrations began in late December in response to a currency crisis but have since spread and grown in size, fueled by anger at Iran’s authoritarian government.
这些示威始于去年12月下旬，起因是货币危机，但随后规模不断扩大，并在对伊朗威权政府的不满情绪推动下蔓延开来。
On Friday, the Iranian capital, Tehran, and other major cities were convulsed by a second consecutive night of turmoil despite an internet blackout.
周五，尽管互联网被切断，伊朗首都德黑兰以及其他主要城市仍连续第二晚陷入动荡。
Protesters chanted slogans against the Islamic Republic’s rule, lit bonfires and, in some cases, set buildings on fire, according to witness interviews and videos that were verified by The New York Times or appeared on BBC Persian television.
根据目击者采访以及《纽约时报》核实或在BBC波斯语频道播出的视频，抗议者高喊反对伊斯兰共和国统治的口号，点燃篝火，甚至在一些情况下纵火焚烧建筑物。
The authorities have threatened to exact tough measures against protesters.
当局威胁将对抗议者采取强硬措施。
On Saturday, Iran’s armed forces said in a statement it would protect “strategic infrastructure and public property.”
周六，伊朗武装部队在一份声明中表示，将保护“战略基础设施和公共财产”。
Dozens of protesters have been killed since the protests started in late December, according to human rights groups.
据人权组织称，自去年12月下旬抗议开始以来，已有数十名抗议者丧生。
Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, said on Friday that the government would “not back down” and called the protesters vandals who were trying to “please” President Trump.
伊朗最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊周五表示，政府“不会退让”，并称抗议者是试图“取悦”特朗普总统的破坏分子。
Donald Trump has pledged that the United States would come to the aid of protesters if the government used lethal force against them, although it is unclear whether he will follow up on that threat.
特朗普表示，如果伊朗政府对抗议者使用致命武力，美国将向抗议者提供援助，但他是否会兑现这一威胁仍不明确。
On Saturday, Secretary of State Marco Rubio wrote on social media, “The United States supports the brave people of Iran.”
周六，美国国务卿马可·鲁比奥在社交媒体上写道：“美国支持勇敢的伊朗人民。”
Here’s what you need to know:
以下是你需要了解的要点：
• Why are Iranians protesting?
• 伊朗人为什么抗议？
• How intense are these protests?
• 抗议的强度有多大？
• How has Iran’s government responded?
• 伊朗政府如何回应？
• What has been the international reaction?
• 国际社会作何反应？
Why are Iranians protesting?
伊朗人为什么抗议？
Iran’s economy has been under sustained pressure for years, largely as a result of U.S. and European sanctions tied to its nuclear ambitions.
多年来，伊朗经济一直承受持续压力，主要原因是美国和欧洲因其核计划而实施的制裁。
A 12-day war with Israel last June further drained Iran’s financial resources.
去年6月与以色列持续12天的战争进一步消耗了伊朗的财政资源。
When the currency plunged against the U.S. dollar in late December, amid persistently high inflation, merchants and university students staged days of protests.
在持续高通胀的背景下，去年12月下旬伊朗货币对美元大幅贬值，商人和大学生连续多日走上街头抗议。
But as the rallies grew, the protests became a broader criticism of the rule of Iran’s theocratic government.
但随着集会规模扩大，抗议逐渐演变为对伊朗神权政府统治的更广泛批评。
Across social media and television, protesters were seen chanting slogans including, “Death to the dictator” and “Iranians, raise your voice, shout out for your rights.”
在社交媒体和电视画面中，抗议者高喊“打倒独裁者”“伊朗人，发出声音，为权利呐喊”等口号。
How intense are these protests?
这些抗议有多激烈？
Demonstrations have spread to dozens of cities across Iran, according to tracking by the U.S.-based Institute for the Study of War.
根据总部位于美国的战争研究所的追踪，示威已扩散到伊朗数十座城市。
On Friday, videos posted on BBC Persian television showed thousands of people marching in Tehran, drawing supporters from what residents said was a cross-section of working-class, middle-class and wealthy neighborhoods.
周五，BBC波斯语频道播放的视频显示，数千人在德黑兰游行，参与者来自工人阶层、中产阶级和富裕社区等不同社会群体。
Amnesty International said that at least 28 protesters and bystanders, including children, had been killed between Dec. 31 and Jan. 3.
国际特赦组织表示，12月31日至1月3日期间，至少有28名抗议者和旁观者（包括儿童）被杀。
Other human rights groups put the toll higher, at more than 40 since protests began.
其他人权组织统计的死亡人数更高，自抗议开始以来已超过40人。
An engineer in Tehran said he could hear gunfire and saw riot police and plainclothes militias firing in the air and chasing crowds to disperse them.
一名在德黑兰的工程师表示，他听到了枪声，看到防暴警察和便衣民兵朝天开枪并追逐人群以驱散他们。
A video verified by The New York Times showed at least seven people lying motionless on the floor of a hospital in Tehran,似乎已经死亡。
《纽约时报》核实的一段视频显示，德黑兰一家医院的地板上至少有七人一动不动，似乎已经身亡。
How has Iran’s government responded?
伊朗政府如何回应？
The Iranian authorities have reacted harshly to the protests.
伊朗当局对抗议采取了严厉回应。
The Revolutionary Guards warned that protecting the achievements of the Islamic Revolution and maintaining social security were “red lines.”
革命卫队警告称，保护伊斯兰革命成果和维护社会安全是“红线”。
The government initially signaled a willingness to listen, announcing plans to provide most citizens with a monthly payment of about $7.
政府最初表示愿意倾听诉求，并宣布计划向大多数公民每月发放约7美元的补贴。
President Masoud Pezeshkian acknowledged the public’s “legitimate” grievances and appointed a new central bank chief, calling for avoidance of violence.
总统马苏德·佩泽什基安承认公众的“正当”不满，任命了新的央行行长，并呼吁避免任何暴力和胁迫行为。
Yet officials have hardened their stance in recent days, echoing previous crackdowns marked by mass arrests and violence.
然而，近几日官员的立场趋于强硬，与以往通过大规模逮捕和暴力镇压示威的做法如出一辙。
Iran’s prosecutor general warned that legal proceedings against rioters should be “without leniency,” labeling them “enemies of God,” a charge punishable by death.
伊朗总检察长警告称，对暴乱者的法律程序应“毫不宽容”，并将其定性为“真主的敌人”，这一指控在伊朗可判处死刑。
What has been the international reaction?
国际社会作何反应？
Iran’s government is weakened internationally and fears another round of U.S. or Israeli military strikes.
伊朗政府在国际舞台上处境削弱，许多伊朗人担心美国或以色列再次发动军事打击。
Israeli officials have spoken out in support of protesters, and Mr. Trump said the United States was “locked and loaded” if lethal force were used.
以色列官员公开支持抗议者，特朗普也表示如果伊朗政府使用致命武力，美国已“全副武装、随时待命”。
Yet Mr. Trump was evasive when asked whether he sought regime change in Iran.
但当被问及是否寻求在伊朗实现政权更迭时，特朗普态度含糊。
Iranian officials warned they would respond to any U.S. interference, potentially by targeting American bases in the region.
伊朗官员警告称，若美国干预，伊朗可能会以打击该地区的美军基地作为回应。
The unrest has renewed attention on Reza Pahlavi, the exiled son of Iran’s last shah, who urged protests and strikes, though experts question his level of support inside Iran.
这场动荡重新引发了对流亡海外的伊朗末代国王之子礼萨·巴列维的关注。他呼吁抗议和罢工，但专家对其在国内的支持度表示怀疑。
二、重点词汇
brace for：为……做好准备 crackdown：镇压，严厉打击 unrest：动荡，骚乱 currency plunge：货币暴跌 authoritarian：威权的，专制的 theocratic government：神权政府 strategic infrastructure：战略基础设施 lethal force：致命武力 mass arrests：大规模逮捕 regime change：政权更迭
三、重点语法（结合原文）
that 引导定语从句 Demonstrations that began as outrage…：that 修饰 demonstrations。 despite + 名词 despite an internet blackout：表示让步关系。 have vowed to do have vowed to quell the unrest：现在完成时强调承诺的持续影响。 according to according to human rights groups：引出信息来源。 although 引导让步状语从句 although it is unclear whether… were seen doing were seen chanting slogans：被动结构描述目击情况。 have spread and grown 并列谓语，强调过程性变化。 what 引导名词性从句 what you need to know when 引导时间状语从句 when the currency plunged… label A as B would be considered an “enemy of God”
四、总结和影响分析
总结：
本轮伊朗抗议最初源于经济危机，尤其是货币贬值和高通胀，但迅速演变为针对威权统治的全国性政治抗议。政府在有限让步与强力镇压之间摇摆，死亡人数不断上升。
影响分析：
短期内，伊朗国内局势可能进一步紧张，镇压加剧将激化民怨；中长期看，抗议与外部压力叠加，可能削弱伊朗政府的国际谈判空间，并增加与美国、以色列发生冲突的风险。同时，反对派流亡人物重新进入舆论中心，显示伊朗政治不确定性正在上升。